Bahrain Medium-Low Risk medium_low BH Bahrain’s modern political identity reflects the long rule of the Sunni Al-Khalifa family, nineteenth-century treaties with the United Kingdom, and independence…
Bangladesh Medium-Low Risk medium_low BD Bangladesh emerged from the historic Bengal delta through a complex succession of regional, imperial, and colonial influences before becoming East Pakistan…
Barbados Medium Risk medium BB Barbados evolved from a British settlement shaped by enslaved African labor and sugar cultivation into an independent Caribbean state with a more diversified economy.…
Belarus Medium Risk medium BY Belarus emerged from the dissolution of the USSR in 1991 while maintaining unusually close political and economic ties with Russia, including a 1999 framework for a…
Belgium Medium-Low Risk medium_low BE Belgium emerged as an independent state in 1830 and developed into a technologically advanced European democracy with a prominent role in NATO and the EU. Its…
Belize Medium Risk medium BZ Belize’s history reaches from the era of Mayan city states through competing British and Spanish claims and its period as British Honduras. Independence in 1981 followed…
Benin Medium Risk medium BJ Benin’s history reflects a complex blend of migrations, ethnic communities, and powerful regional traditions, including the rise of Dahomey around Abomey and its…
Bermuda Medium-Low Risk medium_low BM Bermuda, first settled by shipwrecked English colonists in 1609, has been self-governing since 1620 and remains the oldest and most populous British Overseas…
Bhutan Medium-Low Risk medium_low BT Bhutan’s modern state was shaped by the 1865 Treaty of Sinchulu, the rise of Ugyen WANGCHUCK, and evolving arrangements first with Britain and later with India.…
Bolivia Medium-High Risk medium_high BO Bolivia emerged from Spanish rule in 1825 under the legacy of Simón Bolívar, later enduring repeated coups before civilian democratic rule took hold in 1982.…
